بررسی تاثیر روش های مختلف خشک کردن بر سرعت کاهش وزن،میزان اسانس و درصد کامازولن گیاه دارویی بابونه (Matricaria recutita) رقم دیپلوئید جرمانیا

Abstract To compare the effects of different drying temperatures and different microwave powers and two different natural methods (shaded and sunny area) in chamomile (Matricaria recutita (L.) Rauschert CV. Germania (diploid)) essential oil and chamazolene content, drying time and drying rate, an experiment was carried out at the research field of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iran during ۲۰۰۷-۲۰۰۸. The experimental design was completely randomized block design including three temperatures: ۵۰, ۶۰ and ۷۰ °C, six microwave powers: ۱۰۰, ۱۸۰, ۳۰۰, ۴۵۰, ۶۰۰ and ۹۰۰ w and drying in shaded and sunny area, with three replications. The drying process was continued until the mass of the sample reduced to a moisture content of about ۰.۱۰ on a dry basis or ۱۰% on a wet basis. The results indicate that different treatments of drying had a significant effect on the drying time, drying rate and essential oil and chamazolene content. The maximum essential oil content (%۰.۷۲) obtained at drying in shaded area and the lowest one was obtained at drying by microwave and high temperatures of oven. Maximum chamazolene content obtained at microwave drying (except ۱۰۰w power) and natural method (both shaded and sunny areas). Minimum chamazolene content was obtained at drying by oven. Keywords: Sunny oven, Chamomile, Drying, Shade, Microwave microwave, Natural method